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    姚攀峰
    （奧雅納工程咨詢（上海）有限公司北京分公司，北京 100020）

[摘要] 近數(shù)十年來(lái)很多6度、7度地震區(qū)發(fā)生了超高設(shè)防大震烈度的巨震，房屋結(jié)構(gòu)如何滿足逃生人員的安全目標(biāo)有著重要現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。通過(guò)分析不同房屋結(jié)構(gòu)的震害，闡述了“小震，（整體結(jié)構(gòu)）不壞；中震，（整體結(jié)構(gòu)）可修，大震，（整體結(jié)構(gòu)）不倒；巨震，（避難單元）不倒”的抗震概念，給出了地震避難單元布置的基本原則，提出了通過(guò)“小震、中震、大震、巨震”多階段的結(jié)構(gòu)驗(yàn)算實(shí)現(xiàn)上述抗震性能，即“4水準(zhǔn)，多階段”的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法，闡述了地震避難單元的應(yīng)用范圍，并初步探討了實(shí)現(xiàn)房屋結(jié)構(gòu)抗巨震的計(jì)算方法。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 地震；巨震；房屋震害；避難單元；抗震設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)算方法
中圖分類號(hào)：TU312.3  文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A  文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2011) Sl-0277-05

Research on application and realization of building structure under massive earthquake
    Yao Panfeng
    ( Arup Intemational Consultants( Shanghai)  Co.,  Ltd.,  Beijing Branch,  Beijing 100020,  China)

Abstract: There are many areas, which local fortification intensities are from 6 t0 7 degree, have been experienced massive earthquake whose degrees are much greater than the local rarely earthquake intensity expected by code(major earthquake). So it is very important that the research on how to keep the Hulding structures meet the safety targets for the people survive in earthquake. Through analyzing the seismic damages of different building structures, this paper explains the anti-seismic concepts which is "VVhen the place is subject to frequently earthquake influence( nunor earthquake), the buildings will not damage or slightly damage with continue serviceable without repair; When the place is subject to local fortification intensity earthquake influence( moderate earthquake), the buildings will damage with continue serviceable after ordinary repair or without repair; When the place is subject to rarely earthquake influence which intensity is expected as the local fortification intensity( major earthquake), the buildings will not collapse nor suffer damage that endanger human lives; When the place is subject to extremely rarely earthquake influence wluch intensity is major than the local fortification intensity( massive earthquake), the reinforcement concrete tube( key units, or refuge units)  will not collapse nor suffer damage that endanger human lives.". This paper presents the basic principles of designs for refuge units, and suggests the design performances in rmnor earthquake, moderate earthquake, major efuthquake, and massive earthquake and the design methods to realize them, which can be called "four standards, multiple stages" seismic design method. The paper also explores the application scope of seisnuc refuges units, and discusses the calculation method of how to realize earthquake resistance of building structure under massive earthquake.
Keywords: earthquake; massive earthquake; seismic damages of building; refuges units; key units; seisnuc design; calculation method